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"Neoliberalism Chile."
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Speculative Fictions
Speculative Fictionsviews the Chilean neoliberal transition as reflected in cultural production from the postdictatorship era of the 1970s to the present. To Alessandro Fornazzari, the move to market capitalism effectively blurred the lines between economics and aesthetics, perhaps nowhere more evidently than in Chile.Through exemplary works of film, literature, the visual arts, testimonials, and cultural theory, Fornazzari reveals the influence of economics over nearly every aspect of culture and society. Citing Karl Marx, Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin, Willy Thayer, Milton Friedman, and others, Fornazzari forms the theoretical basis for his neoliberal transitional discourse as a logical progression of capitalism.Fornazzari identifiesCasa de campo,José Donoso's allegory of the military coup of 1973 and the ensuing monetary crisis, as a harbinger of transitional texts, challenging them to explore new forms of abstraction. Those forms are explored in the novelsOir su vozby Arturo Fontaine andMano de obraby Diamela Eltit, where Fornazzari examines divergent views of workers in the form of neoliberal human capital or post-Fordist immaterial labor. In documentaries by Patricio Guzmán and Silvio Caiozzi, he juxtaposes depictions of mass mobilization and protest to the mass marketing of individual memory and loss, claiming they serve as symbols of the polarities of dictatorship and neoliberalism. Fornazzari then relates the subsuming of the individual under both fascism and neoliberalism by recalling the iconicimbunche(a mutilated figure whose orifices have been sewn closed) in works by Donoso and the visual artist Catalina Parra. He continues the theme of subsumption in his discussion of the obliteration of the divide between physical labor and intellectualism under neoliberalism, as evidenced in the detective novelA la sombra del dineroby Ramón Díaz Eterovic.In these examples and others, Fornazzari presents a firmly grounded theoretical analysis that will appeal to Latin Americanists in general and to those interested in the intersection of economics and culture. The Chilean experience provides a case study that will also inform students and scholars of neoliberal transitions globally.
eBook
Life in debt
Chile is widely known as the first experiment in neoliberalism in Latin America, carried out and made possible through state violence. Since the beginning of the transition in 1990, the state has pursued a national project of reconciliation construed as debts owed to the population. The state owed a \"social debt\" to the poor accrued through inequalities generated by economic liberalization, while society owed a \"moral debt\" to the victims of human rights violations. Life in Debt invites us into lives and world of a poor urban neighborhood in Santiago. Tracing relations and lives between 1999 and 2010, Clara Han explores how the moral and political subjects imagined and asserted by poverty and mental health policies and reparations for human rights violations are refracted through relational modes and their boundaries. Attending to intimate scenes and neighborhood life, Han reveals the force of relations in the making of selves in a world in which unstable work patterns, illness, and pervasive economic indebtedness are aspects of everyday life. Lucidly written, Life in Debt provides a unique meditation on both the past inhabiting actual life conditions but also on the difficulties of obligation and achievements of responsiveness.
eBook
Neoliberalism's Fractured Showcase
This collection focuses on the multiple consequences of neoliberal policies in Chile and places its \"showcase\" status and its re-democratization process into serious question. The volume argues that breaking the status quo is possible, urgent and necessary.
eBook
Victims of Time, Warriors for Change
This book explores how women in the Chilean workforce and social activists describe and understand globalization and neoliberalism and their impact on their nation and the lives of Chilean women. By examining national policies, quantitative measures of development, and how various women in the labor force and political and community organizations perceive and live within the Chilean economy, Clark shows the dynamic relationship between national and international policies and gender inequality.
eBook
MANO DE OBRA DE DIAMELA ELTIT: LOS CUERPOS EN ESCENA, TRANSPOSICIONES ENTRE LITERATURA Y ARTE
Mano de obra de Diamela Eltit (2002) es una novela que la crítica inscribió en el contexto del neoliberalismo y el mercado. Cabe preguntarse cuáles son los procedimientos narrativos que Eltit despliega en esta ficción cuyo contexto es distinto al de la “Escena de Avanzada” y en la que permanece el interés por pensar el carácter político de la literatura y el arte. La hipótesis preliminar es que la novela propone, desde una construcción enunciativa particular, una puesta en escena de los cuerpos que opera como modo de resistencia. Mano de obra (2002) is a novel that literary criticism inscribed in the context of neoliberalism and the market. We ask ourselves about the narrative devices present in the novel that invite us to think about the relationship between art, politics, and literature in the neoliberal context. The preliminary main hypothesis is that the novel proposes, through a particular enunciative construction, a staging of the bodies that works as mode of resistance.
Journal Article
Economic elites and new strategies for extractivism in Chile
Within the country's strategic copper mining sector, economic elites are begetting new political technologies that reshape state, economy, and society relations, to better anchor capitalist domination at the local level. Two post-2012 initiatives, explicitly designed to overcome community-based resistances to mega-extractivist projects, are examined. Promoting \"territorial dialogues,\" they set private-public-social development corporations which take on the production of public goods, legitimacy, and social cohesion for entire provinces and regions, tasks previously performed by the state. Co-created by transnational capital and centre-left epistemic communities, these novel forms of political domination illustrate a broad variety in the types of state-capital-Left relationships emerging in Latin America during the so called Pink Tide and its aftermath.
Dentro del sector estratégico de la minería del cobre del país, las élites económicas están engendrando nuevas tecnologías políticas que remodelan las relaciones entre el Estado, la economía y la sociedad para anclar mejor la dominación capitalista a nivel local. Se examinan dos iniciativas posteriores a 2012 diseñadas explícitamente para superar las resistencias comunitarias a los proyectos mega-extractivistas. Promoviendo \"diálogos territoriales\" que alientan la creación de corporaciones de desarrollo social público-privado que se encargan de la producción de bienes públicos, legitimidad y cohesión social en provincias y regiones enteras, tareas previamente realizadas por el Estado. Cocreadas por capital transnacional y comunidades epistémicas de centroizquierda, estas novedosas formas de dominación política ilustran una amplia variedad en los tipos de relaciones Estado-capital-izquierda que surgieron en América Latina durante la llamada Marea Rosa y sus consecuencias.
Journal Article
From Pinochet to the 'Third Way'
This is a comprehensive analysis of three decades of neoliberal policies in Chile, from the Pinochet dictatorship until today. Chile is often described as a 'model' of neoliberal development policy. Marcus Taylor questions this description. Examining the contradictions of neoliberlism, he demonstrates how it has created a society that is deeply ridden with inequalities. Taylor shows how the tensions that arose from this social inequality led to the emergence of a 'Third Way' neoliberalism in the post-dictatorship period. Taylor argues that this new development paradigm has failed. This is a result of the inability of 'Third Way' neoliberalism to transform social relationships and institutions. The nature of this failure affects the direction of popular movements for social change in Latin America during a time of renewed social and political upheaval.
eBook